开源信息泄露小考

前言

刚刚过去的学期有在cncert外派，做了一点辅助工作，做的最多仔细想想还是开源信息的泄露收集。借这段时间的经历，就想稍微总结一下Github等平台的信息泄露收集。

工作中的信息泄露收集

因为cert那边需要的是全国政企的开源信息泄露，而且要最终拿到敏感数据（比如身份证号之类的），和平时渗透时候的还是有些区别（漏洞不是目的，数据才是QAQ 我怎么越想越觉得像黑产），先说下俺日常做的，找某一类组织的信息泄露的流程。

折腾了各种各样的抓信息方式之后，感觉现在的最方便的方式就还是直接用Github搜关键词，什么GISL，什么携程云安全，全都不适合收集信息用（当然他们本来就是给企业自查的233）。至于关键词，我这边单搜项目相关的中文有奇效。日常就是分解单位的属性作标签，组合，找敏感的repo。

经常能一个Tag或Tag组合找到好多信息泄露，像全国的政协站，一省不差，全都有敏感信息，外包政协网站建设的公司一点安全意识没有，全员无过滤上传Github。

定位到某个repo之后，弄下来本地搜搜http:// 、.do之类的，其实比预想中要容易找到暴露在公网的接口、测试站等等，后面就是常规渗透了。

说起来其实这项工作实际内容并不多，找到一个有效的流程就能一直用下去，也没什么太大长进。下学期主力还是得做漏洞挖掘。

渗透向信息泄露收集

在丁牛实习时候，最大的收获大概是对渗透的认识，也就是李哥挂在嘴边的渗透测试的本质是信息收集。这学期的开源信息收集工作也算是漫漫信息收集路的一个小分支，感觉对个人成长也算有些帮助。

渗透向的话，github-dorks的list这种类型的就很好用

Dork	Description
filename:.npmrc _auth	npm registry authentication data
filename:.dockercfg auth	docker registry authentication data
extension:pem private	private keys
extension:ppk private	puttygen private keys
filename:id_rsa or filename:id_dsa	private ssh keys
extension:sql mysql dump	mysql dump
extension:sql mysql dump password	mysql dump look for password; you can try varieties
filename:credentials aws_access_key_id	might return false negatives with dummy values
filename:.s3cfg	might return false negatives with dummy values
filename:wp-config.php	wordpress config files
filename:.htpasswd	htpasswd files
filename:.env DB_USERNAME NOT homestead	laravel .env (CI, various ruby based frameworks too)
filename:.env MAIL_HOST=smtp.gmail.com	gmail smtp configuration (try different smtp services too)
filename:.git-credentials	git credentials store, add NOT username for more valid results
PT_TOKEN language:bash	pivotaltracker tokens
filename:.bashrc password	search for passwords, etc. in .bashrc (try with .bash_profile too)
filename:.bashrc mailchimp	variation of above (try more variations)
filename:.bash_profile aws	aws access and secret keys
rds.amazonaws.com password	Amazon RDS possible credentials
extension:json api.forecast.io	try variations, find api keys/secrets
extension:json mongolab.com	mongolab credentials in json configs
extension:yaml mongolab.com	mongolab credentials in yaml configs (try with yml)
jsforce extension:js conn.login	possible salesforce credentials in nodejs projects
SF_USERNAME salesforce	possible salesforce credentials
filename:.tugboat NOT _tugboat	Digital Ocean tugboat config
HEROKU_API_KEY language:shell	Heroku api keys
HEROKU_API_KEY language:json	Heroku api keys in json files
filename:.netrc password	netrc that possibly holds sensitive credentials
filename:_netrc password	netrc that possibly holds sensitive credentials
filename:hub oauth_token	hub config that stores github tokens
filename:robomongo.json	mongodb credentials file used by robomongo
filename:filezilla.xml Pass	filezilla config file with possible user/pass to ftp
filename:recentservers.xml Pass	filezilla config file with possible user/pass to ftp
filename:config.json auths	docker registry authentication data
filename:idea14.key	IntelliJ Idea 14 key, try variations for other versions
filename:config irc_pass	possible IRC config
filename:connections.xml	possible db connections configuration, try variations to be specific
filename:express.conf path:.openshift	openshift config, only email and server thou
filename:.pgpass	PostgreSQL file which can contain passwords
filename:proftpdpasswd	Usernames and passwords of proftpd created by cpanel
filename:ventrilo_srv.ini	Ventrilo configuration
[WFClient] Password= extension:ica	WinFrame-Client infos needed by users to connect toCitrix Application Servers
filename:server.cfg rcon password	Counter Strike RCON Passwords
JEKYLL_GITHUB_TOKEN	Github tokens used for jekyll
filename:.bash_history	Bash history file
filename:.cshrc	RC file for csh shell
filename:.history	history file (often used by many tools)
filename:.sh_history	korn shell history
filename:sshd_config	OpenSSH server config
filename:dhcpd.conf	DHCP service config
filename:prod.exs NOT prod.secret.exs	Phoenix prod configuration file
filename:prod.secret.exs	Phoenix prod secret
filename:configuration.php JConfig password	Joomla configuration file
filename:config.php dbpasswd	PHP application database password (e.g., phpBB forum software)
path:sites databases password	Drupal website database credentials
shodan_api_key language:python	Shodan API keys (try other languages too)
filename:shadow path:etc	Contains encrypted passwords and account information of new unix systems
filename:passwd path:etc	Contains user account information including encrypted passwords of traditional unix systems
extension:avastlic "support.avast.com"	Contains license keys for Avast! Antivirus
filename:dbeaver-data-sources.xml	DBeaver config containing MySQL Credentials
filename:.esmtprc password	esmtp configuration
extension:json googleusercontent client_secret	OAuth credentials for accessing Google APIs
HOMEBREW_GITHUB_API_TOKEN language:shell	Github token usually set by homebrew users
xoxp OR xoxb	Slack bot and private tokens
.mlab.com password	MLAB Hosted MongoDB Credentials
filename:logins.json	Firefox saved password collection (key3.db usually in same repo)
filename:CCCam.cfg	CCCam Server config file
msg nickserv identify filename:config	Possible IRC login passwords
filename:settings.py SECRET_KEY	Django secret keys (usually allows for session hijacking, RCE, etc)
filename:secrets.yml password	Usernames/passwords, Rails applications
filename:master.key path:config	Rails master key (used for decrypting credentials.yml.enc for Rails 5.2+)
filename:deployment-config.json	Created by sftp-deployment for Atom, contains server details and credentials
filename:.ftpconfig	Created by remote-ssh for Atom, contains SFTP/SSH server details and credentials
filename:.remote-sync.json	Created by remote-sync for Atom, contains FTP and/or SCP/SFTP/SSH server details and credentials
filename:sftp.json path:.vscode	Created by vscode-sftp for VSCode, contains SFTP/SSH server details and credentails
filename:sftp-config.json	Created by SFTP for Sublime Text, contains FTP/FTPS or SFTP/SSH server details and credentials
filename:WebServers.xml	Created by Jetbrains IDEs, contains webserver credentials with encoded passwords (not encrypted!)

遇见目标看看目标指纹，照猫画虎，弄几个关键字扫一波，说不定就有收获，像GitMiner这种就是更为简单粗暴的扫描器。

信息泄露这种东西，除了防不胜防的那类，只要安全意识好些就鲜有发生。更何况，各个组织的安全部门都会长期自查，像GISL、携程云安全的Github监控，全是自查向的工具，一旦有信息泄露直接处理掉了。当然，要是自己处理慢，被人先拿到数据就没办法了。

写到现在，也实在不能说开源信息泄露是信息收集多有效的部分，只能说是有用的一环。还是记着这些东西，说不定哪个场景就有奇效，像hz在黄鹤杯用git history解出3000分题的操作，啥操作还得看人使。